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Infantry Combat Up Front & Personal

The authoritive text on canal irrigation in Asian Countries

A living book on an arid subject

Maoist Insurgency Since Vietnam

Most of us never saw this TwainBack then, at the birth of the American Empire, Samuel Clemens ('Mark Twain') risked his reputation, his career, and his fortune taking an uncompromising public stand against the war in the Philippines. No pacifist, Twain nevertheless refused to allow jingoists, imperialists, and flag-wavers to define America's proper role in the world. 'I am opposed to having the eagle put its talons on any other land,' he wrote.
Twain's anti-war essays had never been collected in one place before this book, and many of the writings here were never published at all. Twain takes the reader's breath away with his bold and uncompromising resistance to empire. 'The War Prayer' (1905) should be required reading in Congress and on talk radio, while 'Roosevelt, the American Gentleman' (1906) should be engraved on TR's tombstone.
And then there's 'patriotism.' In 'Monarchical and Republican Patriotism' (1908), Twain defines the former as the government telling the people what is and is not 'respectable' patriotism. 'In the other, neither the government nor the entire nation is privileged to dictate to any individual what the form of his patriotism shall be.'
He continues: 'We have adopted [monarchical patriotism] with all its servility, with an unimportant change in wording: "Our country, right or wrong!" We have thrown away the most valuable asset we had: the individual's right to oppose both flag and country when he (just *he*, by himself) believed them to be in the wrong. We have thrown it away; and with it, all that was really respectable about that grotesque and laughable word, Patriotism.'
Powerful, bracing stuff -- especially today. Very highly recommended.


Wonderful book

Outstanding history of a little known conflict

Highly interestingAlthough the book sometimes quite dry - being primarily a political history, describing the reigns of kings and battles and treaties, the information itself is extremely fascinating. There are interesting stories, such as Sultan Azim-ud-Din, prisoner in Manila for 20 years and his spiritual experimenting, and of Sultan Qudarat, unifier of Maguindanao, leader of a 50 year jihad, whom a Spaniard compared to Gustavus Adolphus.
This history, though objective, is clearly sympathetic to the Moros. Yet this is actually quite refreshing, as the Moros have generally been treated poorly by historians. While more colorful histories describe them as vicious slave-raiders and pirates, Cesar argues that this was not the case- rather it was the Spaniards who were inexorably trying to conquer the minds and bodies of the Moros, and thus the latter retaliated with raids, on both them and on the natives the Spaniards used as mercenaries.
Finally, being a Muslim, Cesar can intepret certain events far more objectively and accurately than have most other historians of the Moros. For example, the author examines the motivation and nature of Moro famous "jurmentados," in light of sayings of the Prophet. In his conclusion, the author expresses a hope that in the future an enlarged history of the Filipino people will embrace both the conquered- and the unconquered peoples of the archipelago. Indeed it is difficult to leave this book without some admiration for the bold and unconquerable Muslims of the Philippines.


Environmental masterpieceMartin Stummer, 113 Seminario street, Jaro Iloilo (Nagarao Island,Philippines)


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